Maneuvering in space
The manned maneuvering unit (MMU) is a one-man, nitrogen-propelled backpack that latches to the EMU spacesuit's PLSS. Using rotational and translational
hand controllers, the crewmember can fly with precision in or around the orbiter cargo bay or to nearby freeflying payloads or structures, and can reach
many otherwise inaccessible areas outside the orbiter. Astronauts wearing MMU's have deployed, serviced, repaired, and retrieved satellite payloads.
The MMU propellant - noncontaminating gaseous nitrogen stored under high pressure - can be recharged from the orbiter, The reliability of the unit is
guaranteed with a dual parallel system rather than a backup redundant system. In the event of a failure in one parallel system, the system would be shut
down and the remaining system would be used to return the MMU to the orbiter cargo bay. The MMU, which weighs 310 pounds, includes a 35-mm still
photo camera that is operated by the astronaut while working in space.
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Astronaut Bruce McCandless 11 called the MMU "a great flying machine." McCandless was the first astronaut to use the MMU for a spacewalk on
February 7,1984, during space shuffle mission STS 41-8.
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