Congressional Votes
GREEN is good for space and Mars.
RED is bad for space and Mars.
ISS - International Space Station
Senate Votes
| Votes |
Carl Levin (D) |
Edmond Spencer Abraham (R) |
1998 - Terminate ISS |
Y |
Y |
1997 - To Table ISS Termination |
N |
N |
1996 - To Table ISS Termination |
N |
N |
1995 - Terminate ISS |
Y |
Y |
1993 - To Table Advance Solid Rocket Motor
Termination |
N |
|
1993 - To Table ISS Termination |
N |
|
1992 - Terminate ISS |
Y |
|
House Votes
| Votes |
Bart Stupak (D) |
Peter Hoekstra (R) |
Vernon J. Ehlers (R) |
David Lee 'Dave' Camp (R) |
James A. Barcia (D) |
Frederick Stephen 'Fred' Upton (R) |
Nick Smith (R) |
Debbie Ann Stabenow (D) |
Dale E. Kildee (D) |
David Edward Bonior (D) |
Joseph K. 'Joe' Knollenberg (R) |
Sander M. Levin (D) |
Lynn Nancy Rivers (D) |
John Conyers Jr. (D) |
Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D) |
John D. Dingell (D) |
1999 - ISS Termination |
N |
Y |
N |
Y |
N |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
Y |
N |
N |
N |
1999 - ISS Limit Funding Amendment |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
N |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
N |
N |
Y |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
1999 - NASA Authorization less Transhab and Triana |
N |
Y |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
Y |
N |
N |
N |
Y |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
1998 - ISS Termination |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
N |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
N |
N |
Y |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
1996 - ISS Termination |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
N |
Y |
Y |
|
Y |
N |
N |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
Y |
1995 - ISS Termination |
Y |
Y |
N |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
Y |
N |
N |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
Y |
Comments
- For the most part, Michigan representatives are committed to
either pro-space and anti-space voting pattern. Although to be fair,
it's essentially impossible with these votes to separate anti-space
people from anti-ISS people.
- 11 Democrats (4 pro-space) 7 Republicans (2 pro-space) -- so party
lines are not too important.
- Most of the side-switching occurred on the Transhab (inflatable
living quarters for ISS) and Trianna (Al Gore's pet project).
However, that vote was a pure party split which is very common with
authorization bills as the majority has decided its final form.
- Most interesting, three anti-space representatives last year voted
to limit ISS spending, but not terminate it. (Stupak, Conyers, and Dingell)
In essence, this makes their voting less anti-space and more no
confindence in NASA's ISS. This is understandable, although does
not bode well for a Mars mission approval. One pro-space representative
(Bonior) voted not to limit funding, but voted in favor of ISS termination.
I don't know what he was thinking.
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Copyright © 2000 Michigan Mars Society. All rights reserved.
Some images on this Web site courtesy of NASA JPL.